{"id":11908,"date":"2023-11-03T09:26:01","date_gmt":"2023-11-03T07:26:01","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prague.org\/?p=11908"},"modified":"2023-11-03T09:35:01","modified_gmt":"2023-11-03T07:35:01","slug":"czechoslovakia-country","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prague.org\/cs\/ceskoslovensko-zeme\/","title":{"rendered":"\u010ceskoslovensko Zem\u011b: Zem\u011b s bohatou histori\u00ed, kulturou a p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00edmi kr\u00e1sami"},"content":{"rendered":"

Na str\u00e1nk\u00e1ch \u010ceskoslovensko zem\u011b<\/strong> d\u0159\u00edve ve st\u0159edn\u00ed Evrop\u011b bohat\u00e9 na historii, p\u0159ekypuj\u00edc\u00ed kulturou a obda\u0159en\u00e9 \u00fachvatn\u00fdmi p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00edmi scen\u00e9riemi. \u010ceskoslovensko sice ji\u017e nen\u00ed jednotn\u00fdm st\u00e1tem, ale \u010cesk\u00e1 republika a Slovensko, kter\u00e9 jej d\u0159\u00edve tvo\u0159ily, pokra\u010duj\u00ed v jeho tradic\u00edch. Poj\u010fme se pono\u0159it do rozmanit\u00e9ho sv\u011bta \u010ceskoslovensko zem\u011b<\/strong>, kter\u00e1 se zab\u00fdv\u00e1 jeho histori\u00ed, kulturou a \u00fachvatnou krajinou, je\u017e je pro tento region typick\u00e1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Po prvn\u00ed sv\u011btov\u00e9 v\u00e1lce se v regionu zrodilo \u010ceskoslovensko, zem\u011b, kter\u00e1 hr\u00e1la v d\u011bjin\u00e1ch oblasti v\u00fdznamnou roli. Prvn\u00ed prezident Tom\u00e1\u0161 Garrigue Masaryk byl p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010den\u00fdm zast\u00e1ncem svobody a rovnosti pro v\u0161echny lidi. Praha<\/a>, \"M\u011bsto stovky v\u011b\u017e\u00ed\", bylo hlavn\u00edm m\u011bstem \u010ceskoslovenska a je \u017eiv\u00fdm pam\u00e1tn\u00edkem historick\u00e9ho odkazu zem\u011b.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Objevte b\u00fdval\u00e9 \u010ceskoslovensko\u00a0<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
\"\u010ceskoslovensko
\u010ceskoslovensko Zem\u011b<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u010cesk\u00e1 republika i Slovensko jsou od pokojn\u00e9ho rozpadu \u010ceskoslovenska v roce 1993 samostatn\u00e9. Ob\u011b zem\u011b se roze\u0161ly sm\u00edrn\u011b, odtud n\u00e1zev \"sametov\u00fd rozvod\", a ka\u017ed\u00e1 se vydala jin\u00fdm sm\u011brem, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e si zachovala historick\u00e9 a kulturn\u00ed vazby s tou druhou.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u010cesk\u00e1 republika i Slovensko si vytvo\u0159ily vlastn\u00ed jedine\u010dnou historii a kulturu a dnes existuj\u00ed jako dv\u011b samostatn\u00e9 zem\u011b. I kdy\u017e je \u010ceskoslovensko dnes ji\u017e d\u00e1vnou minulost\u00ed, jeho odkaz \u017eije prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm obou t\u011bchto zem\u00ed a vzpom\u00ednek na minul\u00e9 obdob\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Orientace v \u010ceskoslovensku s mapou zem\u011b<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

P\u0159esto\u017ee \u010ceskoslovensk\u00e1 republika v podob\u011b, v jak\u00e9 byla kdysi zn\u00e1ma, neexistuje, historick\u00e1 mapa slou\u017e\u00ed jako uk\u00e1zka geografick\u00e9 a kulturn\u00ed rozmanitosti zem\u011b. Ti, kter\u00e9 fascinuje bohat\u00e1 historie zem\u011b a pam\u00e1tky, kter\u00e9 po sob\u011b zanechala, mohou vyu\u017e\u00edt tzv. \u010ceskoslovensko mapa zem\u011b <\/strong>jako u\u017eite\u010dn\u00fd pr\u016fvodce:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Poloha na map\u011b<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u010ceskoslovensk\u00e1 republika m\u011bla centr\u00e1ln\u00ed polohu v Evrop\u011b. Byla zcela obklopena pevninou: na z\u00e1pad\u011b bylo N\u011bmecko, na jihu Rakousko, na jihu Ma\u010farsko, na severu Polsko a na v\u00fdchod\u011b Sov\u011btsk\u00fd svaz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Hlavn\u00ed m\u011bsto a dal\u0161\u00ed velk\u00e1 m\u011bsta:<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Kde je Praha?<\/a> Praha se nach\u00e1z\u00ed v z\u00e1padn\u00ed \u010d\u00e1sti zem\u011b a slou\u017eila jako Hlavn\u00ed m\u011bsto \u010ceskoslovenska<\/strong> po celou tuto dobu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Existovala tak\u00e9 v\u00fdznamn\u00e1 m\u011bstsk\u00e1 centra jako Bratislava (dnes hlavn\u00ed m\u011bsto Slovenska), Brno, Ostrava, Ko\u0161ice a Plze\u0148. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Horsk\u00e9 masivy<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Karpaty, kter\u00e9 se nach\u00e1zej\u00ed na v\u00fdchodn\u00edm Slovensku, byly jen jedn\u00edm z mnoha poho\u0159\u00ed na \u00fazem\u00ed cel\u00e9ho st\u00e1tu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sudety slou\u017eily jako faktick\u00e1 hranice mezi \u010ceskoslovenskem a N\u011bmeckem.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0158eky a dal\u0161\u00ed vodn\u00ed cesty<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Jednou z nejd\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00edch \u0159ek v zemi byla Vltava (Moldau), kter\u00e1 prot\u00e9kala p\u0159\u00edmo srdcem Prahy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0158eka Morava slou\u017eila jako faktick\u00e1 hranice mezi \u010ceskoslovenskem a Rakouskem a tak\u00e9 mezi Slovenskem a Rakouskem.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kulturn\u00ed a historick\u00e9 zaj\u00edmavosti<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Mezi nejzn\u00e1m\u011bj\u0161\u00ed kulturn\u00ed pam\u00e1tky m\u011bsta, kter\u00e9 se na map\u011b objevily, pat\u0159\u00ed Pra\u017esk\u00fd hrad, obl\u00edben\u00fd Karl\u016fv most a n\u00e1dhern\u00e9 Starom\u011bstsk\u00e9 n\u00e1m\u011bst\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V Bratislav\u011b, hlavn\u00edm m\u011bst\u011b Slovenska, si n\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bvn\u00edci mohli prohl\u00e9dnout Bratislavsk\u00fd hrad a Star\u00e9 m\u011bsto.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pozn\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed rozmanit\u00e9 a \u017eiv\u00e9 kultury \u010deskoslovensk\u00e9ho lidu<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Slou\u010den\u00ed zem\u011b b\u00fdval\u00e9ho \u010ceskoslovenska<\/strong>spolu s p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvky r\u016fzn\u00fdch etnick\u00fdch skupin vytvo\u0159ily jedine\u010dnou kulturn\u00ed sm\u011bs. Poj\u010fme se pod\u00edvat na to, co tvo\u0159ilo \u010ceskoslovensk\u00fd lid<\/strong> jedine\u010dn\u00e9:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Jazyk a rozmanitost jazyk\u016f<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Sloven\u0161tina a \u010de\u0161tina byly uzn\u00e1ny za \u00fa\u0159edn\u00ed jazyky. V z\u00e1padn\u00ed \u010d\u00e1sti zem\u011b se pou\u017e\u00edvala \u010de\u0161tina, z\u00e1padoslovansk\u00fd jazyk, zat\u00edmco ve v\u00fdchodn\u00ed \u010d\u00e1sti zem\u011b se pou\u017e\u00edvala sloven\u0161tina, v\u00fdchodoslovansk\u00fd jazyk.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

N\u011bmci a Ma\u010fa\u0159i jsou jen dva p\u0159\u00edklady etnick\u00fdch men\u0161in, kter\u00e9 obohatily ji\u017e tak bohatou jazykovou krajinu regionu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u00fdtvarn\u00e9 um\u011bn\u00ed a budovy<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Kulturn\u00ed historie \u010ceskoslovenska byla proslul\u00e1. N\u00e1dhern\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edklady gotick\u00e9, barokn\u00ed a renesan\u010dn\u00ed architektury u\u010dinily z Prahy centrum um\u011bn\u00ed a vzd\u011blanosti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Um\u011ble\u010dt\u00ed pr\u016fkopn\u00edci jako Alfons Mucha a Franti\u0161ek Kupka z \u010cesk\u00e9 republiky z\u00edskali uzn\u00e1n\u00ed za sv\u00e1 pr\u016fkopnick\u00e1 d\u00edla.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Hudba a tanec<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Hudba \u010cech\u016f a Slov\u00e1k\u016f byla ned\u00edlnou sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed jejich kultury. Anton\u00edn Dvo\u0159\u00e1k a Bed\u0159ich Smetana jsou jen dva p\u0159\u00edklady skladatel\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed zanechali nesmazatelnou stopu v klasick\u00e9 hudb\u011b.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tradi\u010dn\u00ed hudba a tanec byly na Slovensku d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fdmi kulturn\u00edmi projevy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Literatura a auto\u0159i<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Literatura v \u010cesk\u00e9 a Slovensk\u00e9 republice vzkv\u00e9tala, psali zde zn\u00e1m\u00ed auto\u0159i jako Franz Kafka, Milan Kundera a Jaroslav Ha\u0161ek.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Komplikovan\u00e1 \u010deskoslovensk\u00e1 identita se \u010dasto odr\u00e1\u017eela i v literatu\u0159e.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Klasick\u00e1 j\u00eddla<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Tradi\u010dn\u00ed \u010deskoslovensk\u00e1 j\u00eddla byla syt\u00e1 a pikantn\u00ed. Na j\u00eddeln\u00ed\u010dku nechyb\u011bl gul\u00e1\u0161, \u0159\u00edzky, vep\u0159ov\u00e1 pe\u010den\u011b, knedl\u00edky a kysan\u00e9 zel\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pivo bylo obl\u00edben\u00fdm n\u00e1pojem a cel\u00fd n\u00e1rod byl proslul\u00fd svou velkou pivn\u00ed kulturou.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Odhalen\u00ed skryt\u00fdch skvost\u016f zem\u00ed b\u00fdval\u00e9ho \u010ceskoslovenska<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

P\u0159esto\u017ee se zem\u011b rozd\u011blila na dv\u011b \u010d\u00e1sti, tyto magick\u00e9 artefakty se st\u00e1le nach\u00e1zej\u00ed v obou nov\u00fdch zem\u00edch. Poj\u010fme si posv\u00edtit na n\u011bkter\u00e9 z nejzachovalej\u0161\u00edch klenot\u016f \u010cesk\u00e9 republiky a Slovenska:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u010cesk\u00fd Krumlov, \u010cesk\u00e1 republika<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u010cesk\u00fd Krumlov v srdci ji\u017en\u00edch \u010cech se py\u0161n\u00ed historickou \u010dtvrt\u00ed, kter\u00e1 byla zaps\u00e1na na seznam sv\u011btov\u00e9ho d\u011bdictv\u00ed UNESCO.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Prohl\u00e9dn\u011bte si kr\u00e1sn\u00e9 zahrady a n\u00e1dvo\u0159\u00ed z\u00e1mku \u010cesk\u00fd Krumlov, projd\u011bte se jeho malebn\u00fdmi uli\u010dkami a prohl\u00e9dn\u011bte si \u017eiv\u00e9 budovy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Vysok\u00e9 Tatry, Slovensko<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

Turist\u00e9 i ly\u017ea\u0159i najdou r\u00e1j ve Vysok\u00fdch Tatr\u00e1ch na severn\u00edm Slovensku.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nav\u0161tivte \u0160trbsk\u00e9 pleso, ledovcov\u00e9 jezero obklopen\u00e9 drsnou kr\u00e1sou Vysok\u00fdch Tater.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Prozkoumejte malebn\u00e9 slovensk\u00e9 osady ukryt\u00e9 v okoln\u00edch hor\u00e1ch.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Karlovy Vary, \u010cesk\u00e1 republika<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Karlovy Vary jsou wellness m\u011bsto v z\u00e1padn\u00edch \u010cech\u00e1ch, zn\u00e1m\u00e9 sv\u00fdmi term\u00e1ln\u00edmi prameny.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

B\u011bhem proch\u00e1zky se m\u016f\u017eete kochat kolon\u00e1dami a klidem \u0159eky Tepl\u00e9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Napijte se miner\u00e1ln\u00ed vody v l\u00e1zn\u00edch a relaxujte.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Spi\u0161sk\u00fd hrad, Slovensko<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

V okrese Spi\u0161 na v\u00fdchodn\u00edm Slovensku se nach\u00e1z\u00ed Spi\u0161sk\u00fd hrad, kter\u00fd pat\u0159\u00ed mezi nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed hradn\u00ed stavby v Evrop\u011b.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Objevte poz\u016fstatky hradu a kochejte se malebnou krajinou.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Prozkoumejte Spi\u0161skou Kapitulu, malebnou vesni\u010dku se st\u0159edov\u011bk\u00fdmi kostely a \u00fazk\u00fdmi uli\u010dkami.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tel\u010d, \u010cesk\u00e1 republika<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Tel\u010d, kter\u00e1 se nach\u00e1z\u00ed v oblasti Vysoina, je malebn\u00e9 m\u011bste\u010dko zapsan\u00e9 na seznamu sv\u011btov\u00e9ho d\u011bdictv\u00ed UNESCO.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Prohl\u00e9dn\u011bte si n\u00e1m\u011bst\u00ed a obdivujte zachoval\u00e9 st\u0159edov\u011bk\u00e9 a barokn\u00ed budovy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Prohl\u00e9dn\u011bte si kr\u00e1sn\u00e9 zahrady na z\u00e1mku Tel\u010d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

N\u00e1rodn\u00ed park Slovensk\u00fd r\u00e1j, Slovensko<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Milovn\u00edci p\u011b\u0161\u00ed turistiky a \u017eivotn\u00edho prost\u0159ed\u00ed najdou v N\u00e1rodn\u00edm parku Slovensk\u00fd r\u00e1j na v\u00fdchodn\u00edm Slovensku sv\u016fj vysn\u011bn\u00fd c\u00edl.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Objevte skryt\u00e1 z\u00e1kout\u00ed parku a projd\u011bte se po d\u0159ev\u011bn\u00fdch \u017eeb\u0159\u00edc\u00edch a mostech a kolem kask\u00e1dovit\u00fdch vodop\u00e1d\u016f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dobinsk\u00e1 ledov\u00e1 jeskyn\u011b je zaps\u00e1na na seznamu sv\u011btov\u00e9ho d\u011bdictv\u00ed UNESCO a nem\u011bli byste si ji nechat uj\u00edt.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Olomouc, \u010cesk\u00e1 republika<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

V Olomouci, centru Moravy, stoj\u00ed ohromuj\u00edc\u00ed Sloup Nejsv\u011bt\u011bj\u0161\u00ed Trojice, kter\u00fd je zaps\u00e1n na seznamu sv\u011btov\u00e9ho d\u011bdictv\u00ed UNESCO.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Historie m\u011bsta, barokn\u00ed stavby a bohat\u00fd kulturn\u00ed \u017eivot \u010dekaj\u00ed na pozn\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Vydejte se na proch\u00e1zku kr\u00e1sn\u00fdmi Smetanov\u00fdmi zahradami.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Spi\u0161sk\u00fd hrad na Slovensku<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Spi\u0161sk\u00fd hrad, pam\u00e1tka UNESCO, je \u00fachvatn\u00e1 z\u0159\u00edcenina dominuj\u00edc\u00ed obci Spi\u0161sk\u00e9 Podhradie.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Prozkoumejte jeho v\u011b\u017ei\u010dky a chodby a poznejte atmosf\u00e9ru st\u0159edov\u011bku a \u00fachvatn\u00e9 v\u00fdhledy do krajiny.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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