{"id":11953,"date":"2023-11-08T09:25:02","date_gmt":"2023-11-08T07:25:02","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prague.org\/?p=11953"},"modified":"2023-11-08T09:34:02","modified_gmt":"2023-11-08T07:34:02","slug":"religion-of-czech-republic","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prague.org\/cs\/nabozenstvi-ceske-republiky\/","title":{"rendered":"Odhalen\u00ed n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00e9 tapiserie: N\u00e1bo\u017eenstv\u00ed v \u010cesk\u00e9 republice"},"content":{"rendered":"
Na str\u00e1nk\u00e1ch n\u00e1bo\u017eenstv\u00ed \u010cesk\u00e9 republiky<\/strong> se vyv\u00edjela po mnoho desetilet\u00ed. Pochopen\u00ed rozmanit\u00e9 n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00e9 krajiny \u010cesk\u00e9 republiky je kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e9 pro pochopen\u00ed kulturn\u00ed a historick\u00e9 slo\u017eitosti tohoto kr\u00e1sn\u00e9ho n\u00e1roda. Zkoum\u00e1n\u00ed slo\u017eit\u00e9ho n\u00e1bo\u017eenstv\u00ed \u010cesk\u00e9 republiky, kter\u00e9 hr\u00e1lo kl\u00ed\u010dovou roli p\u0159i formov\u00e1n\u00ed \u010desk\u00e9 identity, je z\u00e1sadn\u00ed pro pozn\u00e1n\u00ed t\u00e9to zem\u011b a jej\u00edch obyvatel.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u010cesk\u00e9 d\u011bjiny jsou p\u0159ekvapiv\u011b bohat\u00e9 na n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00e9 osobnosti a my\u0161lenky, jako byl Jan Hus, reform\u00e1tor, kter\u00fd ovlivnil Martina Luthera, a slavn\u00ed Morav\u0161t\u00ed brat\u0159i, kte\u0159\u00ed za 20 let vykonali v\u00edce pr\u00e1ce ne\u017e cel\u00e1 protestantsk\u00e1 c\u00edrkev za n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00edch 200 let dohromady. <\/p>\n\n\n\n Navzdory sv\u00e9 bohat\u00e9 historii jsou sou\u010dasn\u00ed \u010ce\u0161i hluboce sekul\u00e1rn\u00ed a ned\u016fv\u011b\u0159iv\u00ed v\u016f\u010di n\u00e1bo\u017eenstv\u00ed, co\u017e je d\u016fsledkem stalet\u00e9 nadvl\u00e1dy katolick\u00e9 c\u00edrkve a drtiv\u00e9ho vlivu komunismu. N\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed tvrd\u00ed, \u017ee jeho ob\u010dan\u00e9 odm\u00edtaj\u00ed existenci Boha a nadp\u0159irozena \u010dast\u011bji ne\u017e v kter\u00e9koli jin\u00e9 zemi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Na str\u00e1nk\u00e1ch d\u011bjiny n\u00e1bo\u017eenstv\u00ed v \u010cesk\u00e9 republice <\/strong>zahrnuje t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 tis\u00edc let, co\u017e z n\u00ed \u010din\u00ed fascinuj\u00edc\u00ed \u010dten\u00ed. V tomto p\u0159\u00edb\u011bhu se odr\u00e1\u017e\u00ed komplikovan\u00fd vztah n\u00e1roda k v\u00ed\u0159e od po\u010d\u00e1te\u010dn\u00ed christianizace p\u0159es obdob\u00ed n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00fdch reforem, potla\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed a\u017e po kone\u010dnou sekularizaci.<\/p>\n\n\n\n V d\u011bjin\u00e1ch n\u00e1bo\u017eenstv\u00ed v \u010cesk\u00e9 republice se vyskytly jak klidn\u00e9, tak n\u00e1siln\u00e9 momenty. Slovansk\u00e9 pohanstv\u00ed ovlivnilo tuto oblast je\u0161t\u011b p\u0159ed p\u0159\u00edchodem k\u0159es\u0165anstv\u00ed. K\u0159es\u0165anstv\u00ed bylo do regionu poprv\u00e9 zavedeno v 9. stolet\u00ed p\u0159\u00edchodem svat\u00fdch Cyrila a Metod\u011bje. \u010ce\u0161t\u00ed reforma\u010dn\u00ed v\u016fdci, jako byl Jan Hus, v 15. stolet\u00ed zas\u00e9vali sem\u00ednka n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00e9 rozmanitosti t\u00edm, \u017ee vytv\u00e1\u0159eli rozkol v katolick\u00e9 c\u00edrkvi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Po stalet\u00edch teologick\u00e9ho v\u00fdvoje, reforem a spole\u010densko-politick\u00fdch zm\u011bn se \u00faloha \u010cesk\u00e1 c\u00edrkev<\/strong> v kultu\u0159e i historii je slo\u017eit\u00fd.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u010cesk\u00e1 c\u00edrkev pomohla region brzy christianizovat. N\u00e1rod p\u0159ijal k\u0159es\u0165anstv\u00ed v 10. stolet\u00ed za vl\u00e1dy svat\u00e9ho V\u00e1clava.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u010cesk\u00e1 c\u00edrkev byla dlouho spojov\u00e1na s katolicismem. Katolick\u00e9 kostely, katedr\u00e1ly a tradice dominovaly n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00e9 krajin\u011b n\u00e1roda, v \u010dele s katedr\u00e1lou svat\u00e9ho V\u00edta v Praze.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Husitsk\u00e9 hnut\u00ed Jana Husa v 15. stolet\u00ed bylo v\u00fdznamn\u00fdm n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00fdm reformn\u00edm hnut\u00edm v \u010desk\u00e9 c\u00edrkvi. Hnut\u00ed svou kritikou katolick\u00e9 c\u00edrkve formovalo \u010deskou n\u00e1bo\u017eenskou identitu a prosazovalo nez\u00e1vislost a reformy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Po Vestf\u00e1lsk\u00e9m m\u00edru v 17. stolet\u00ed, kter\u00fd obnovil nadvl\u00e1du katol\u00edk\u016f na \u010desk\u00e9m \u00fazem\u00ed, se n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00e1 pestrost sn\u00ed\u017eila.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Komunistick\u00fd re\u017eim prosazoval ateismus a potla\u010doval n\u00e1bo\u017eenstv\u00ed, a tak ve 20. stolet\u00ed do\u0161lo k velk\u00fdm politick\u00fdm a spole\u010densk\u00fdm ot\u0159es\u016fm. Toto obdob\u00ed formovalo n\u00e1bo\u017eenskou krajinu n\u00e1roda a zp\u016fsobilo, \u017ee velk\u00e1 \u010d\u00e1st lid\u00ed se stala ateisty.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Velk\u00e1 \u010d\u00e1st obyvatel \u010cesk\u00e9 republiky je ateistick\u00e1, agnostick\u00e1 nebo nen\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00e1. V zemi st\u00e1le vzkv\u00e9t\u00e1 katolicismus a protestantismus.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u010cesk\u00e1 republika si v\u00e1\u017e\u00ed n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00e9 svobody a tolerance. Jej\u00ed historie n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00e9 plurality a \u00fatlaku podpo\u0159ila toleranci a respekt k mnoha n\u00e1bo\u017eenstv\u00edm.<\/p>\n\n\n\n P\u0159esto\u017ee m\u00e1 zem\u011b pov\u011bst sekul\u00e1rn\u00ed zem\u011b a mnoho ob\u010dan\u016f se pova\u017euje za ateisty nebo nen\u00e1bo\u017eensky zalo\u017een\u00e9, v zemi se prosadilo mnoho r\u016fzn\u00fdch n\u00e1bo\u017eenstv\u00ed. Zde je p\u0159ehled hlavn\u00ed n\u00e1bo\u017eenstv\u00ed v \u010cesk\u00e9 republice<\/strong>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u010ce\u0161i maj\u00ed dlouhou historii katolick\u00e9 v\u00edry, kter\u00e1 byla v zemi po mnoho stalet\u00ed dominantn\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n V \u010cesk\u00e9 republice je mnoho katolick\u00fdch kostel\u016f a katedr\u00e1l.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Katedr\u00e1la svat\u00e9ho V\u00edta v Praze je v\u00fdznamnou ikonou katolicismu v zemi.<\/p>\n\n\n\nD\u011bjiny n\u00e1bo\u017eenstv\u00ed v \u010cesk\u00e9 republice<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
Role \u010desk\u00e9 c\u00edrkve v d\u011bjin\u00e1ch a kultu\u0159e n\u00e1roda<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
Ran\u00e1 christianizace<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
Katolick\u00e1 dominance <\/h3>\n\n\n\n
Husit\u00e9 a Jan Hus<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
N\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00e1 rozmanitost a \u00fapadek<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
Ateismus, sekularismus<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
Sou\u010dasn\u00e1 krajina<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
N\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00e1 tolerance<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
Pohled na hlavn\u00ed n\u00e1bo\u017eenstv\u00ed v \u010cesk\u00e9 republice<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
\u0158\u00edmsk\u00fd katolicismus<\/h3>\n\n\n\n