{"id":9443,"date":"2023-05-18T12:17:25","date_gmt":"2023-05-18T10:17:25","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prague.org\/?p=9443"},"modified":"2023-08-08T09:38:37","modified_gmt":"2023-08-08T07:38:37","slug":"the-prague-bombing","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prague.org\/tr\/veba-bombalamasi\/","title":{"rendered":"Prag Bombalamas\u0131: Kaza m\u0131yd\u0131?"},"content":{"rendered":"

Bunu belirtmek g\u00fcvenli olsa da Prag bombalamas\u0131<\/strong> D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131'nda bir\u00e7ok kez yer almas\u0131na ra\u011fmen, \u015fehir di\u011fer bir\u00e7ok b\u00fcy\u00fck \u015fehir gibi ciddi bir y\u0131k\u0131ma maruz kalmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kaybedilen insan hayat\u0131yla \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde, en trajik olan\u0131 Prag 2. D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131 bombard\u0131man\u0131<\/strong> trajik ama ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131z bir olay olan 14 \u015eubat 1945'te meydana geldi. Prag bombalamas\u0131<\/strong>. Bu, \u00c7ek Cumhuriyeti i\u00e7in \u0130kinci D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131'n\u0131n son g\u00fcn\u00fcyd\u00fc. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

ABD'li pilotlar bir seyir hatas\u0131 yapt\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 ve bunun ayn\u0131 anda Prag'\u0131n 120 kilometre kadar kuzeyinde ger\u00e7ekle\u015fen Dresden'in bombalanmas\u0131yla ayn\u0131 zamana denk geldi\u011fini iddia ettiler.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u015eimdi bile, aradan yetmi\u015f sekiz y\u0131l ge\u00e7mi\u015f olmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen Prag 2. D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131 bombard\u0131man\u0131 <\/strong>K\u00f6t\u00fc hava ko\u015fullar\u0131 ve Prag ile Dresden aras\u0131ndaki g\u00f6ky\u00fcz\u00fcnden g\u00f6r\u00fclen benzerlik nedeniyle kazara m\u0131 oldu, yoksa her iki \u015fehri de yok etmek i\u00e7in kas\u0131tl\u0131 bir giri\u015fim miydi?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Prag Bombaland\u0131 m\u0131? \u0130KINCI D\u00dcNYA SAVA\u015eI<\/a>?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda Prag \u00e7o\u011funlukla hedef de\u011fildi; ancak Prag'a de\u011fil de ba\u015fka \u015fehirlere y\u00f6nelik sald\u0131r\u0131lar da oldu. Di\u011fer t\u00fcm Prag bombalamalar\u0131 nispeten \u00f6nemsizdi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2. D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131'nda 1945 Prag Bombard\u0131man\u0131<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
\"Bombalama\"
Bombalama<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Bu Prag bombalamas\u0131<\/strong> en \u00f6nemlisiydi. Amerikan Hava Kuvvetleri Prag \u00fczerinde yakla\u015f\u0131k 152 ton patlay\u0131c\u0131 infilak ettirdi. Vinohrady, Vy\u0161ehrad, Nusle, Vr\u0161ovice, Karlovo n\u00e1m\u011bst\u00ed, Zl\u00edchov ve Pankr\u00e1c bombalar\u0131n hedefi oldu. Patlaman\u0131n do\u011frudan sonucu olarak toplam 701 ki\u015fi \u00f6lm\u00fc\u015f ve 1.184 ki\u015fi yaralanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ancak sald\u0131r\u0131dan sorumlu \u00fc\u00e7 bombard\u0131man grubu, u\u00e7aklar\u0131 yolda y\u00f6nlerini \u015fa\u015f\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in hedefleri olan Dresden'e ula\u015famad\u0131. Bulutlar\u0131n aras\u0131ndan bir nehrin tepesinde bir \u015fehir g\u00f6rd\u00fcler, bunun Dresden oldu\u011funu sand\u0131lar ve hedeflerinden yakla\u015f\u0131k 75 mil uzakl\u0131ktaki Prag'\u0131 bombalamaya devam ettiler.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bombalama sonu\u00e7suz kalsa da, \u00e7ok say\u0131da ev ve tarihi yap\u0131 a\u011f\u0131r hasar g\u00f6rd\u00fc ya da tamamen y\u0131k\u0131ld\u0131. Ek bir trajedi olarak, bombalaman\u0131n masum kurbanlar\u0131 aras\u0131nda hi\u00e7bir asker yoktu. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Prag'da \u0130ngiliz RAF Bombard\u0131man\u0131<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Bombard\u0131man u\u00e7aklar\u0131 ba\u015fka hava sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131nda da ger\u00e7ek bombalar kullanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u0130ngiliz Kraliyet Hava Kuvvetleri (RAF) 5 Ekim 1941'de Hole\u0161ovice'deki elektrik santraline d\u00f6rt yang\u0131n bombas\u0131 atm\u0131\u015f, 14 Kas\u0131m 1944'te ise kimli\u011fi bilinmeyen iki u\u00e7ak ayn\u0131 tesise daha fazla bomba b\u0131rakm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ancak her iki sald\u0131r\u0131 da \u00f6zellikle zarar verici olmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Say\u0131lar\u0131 bilinmemekle birlikte, par\u00e7alanmalar nedeniyle \u00f6l\u00fc say\u0131s\u0131 artm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Palmiye Pazar\u0131 Sald\u0131r\u0131s\u0131<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Bir \u0130talyan \u00fcss\u00fcnden 12 dalga halinde 650'den fazla u\u00e7ak havaland\u0131. Prag'da Alman kuvvetleri i\u00e7in otomobil \u00fcreten KD fabrikas\u0131n\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra Kbely, Letany ve Akovice askeri havaalanlar\u0131na sald\u0131rd\u0131lar. En az 235 ki\u015fi \u00f6ld\u00fc ve 417 ki\u015fi yaraland\u0131. 90 yap\u0131 tamamen y\u0131k\u0131ld\u0131 ve 1.360 yap\u0131 a\u011f\u0131r hasar g\u00f6rd\u00fc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Prag 2. D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda neden bombalanmad\u0131?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Di\u011fer Avrupa \u015fehirlerine k\u0131yasla Prag, \u0130kinci D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131 boyunca bombard\u0131mandan nispeten kurtulmu\u015ftur. M\u00fcttefiklerin bombalama hedeflerinin \u00e7o\u011fu Almanya'da bulundu\u011fundan, u\u00e7aklar\u0131n menzili Prag'a ula\u015fmak i\u00e7in yetersizdi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1941'de 90.000'den fazla Yahudi Bohemya ve Moravya'y\u0131 evi olarak g\u00f6r\u00fcyordu. Toplamda 14.000'den biraz fazla ki\u015fi \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmadan zarar g\u00f6rmeden kurtuldu. Sar\u0131 kimlik y\u0131ld\u0131z\u0131 1941 y\u0131l\u0131nda Yahudiler i\u00e7in zorunlu hale getirildi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Almanlar Sudetenland'daki sinagoglar\u0131 ve Yahudi mezarl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 y\u0131kt\u0131. Yine de Prag'\u0131 rahat b\u0131rakt\u0131lar \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc kalabal\u0131k y\u00fck vagonlar\u0131na doldurularak toplama kamplar\u0131na nakledilen Yahudilerin ya\u011fmalanan e\u015fyalar\u0131yla Prag'da bir Yahudi M\u00fczesi kurmay\u0131 planl\u0131yorlard\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Prag'a Gidin ve 2. D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131 Sonras\u0131na Tan\u0131k Olun<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
<\/div>\n\n\n\n

Bu k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck grup y\u00fcr\u00fcy\u00fc\u015f turu ile Prag'daki \u0130kinci D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131'n\u0131n ve Antropoid Operasyonu'nun b\u00fcy\u00fcleyici tarihini ke\u015ffedin. Prag sokaklar\u0131nda y\u00fcr\u00fcrken \u0130kinci D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131'n\u0131n izlerinin hala Eski \u015eehir'in duvarlar\u0131nda oldu\u011funa \u015fahit olacaks\u0131n\u0131z. Eski Kent'in kalbinde yer alan 12. y\u00fczy\u0131ldan kalma bir saray\u0131n yeralt\u0131n\u0131 ke\u015ffedin ve \u0130kinci D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131 eserleri ve hat\u0131ralar\u0131ndan olu\u015fan \u00f6zel bir koleksiyonu g\u00f6r\u00fcn. Aziz Cyril ve Methodius Katedrali'nin mahzenini ziyaret edin ve Nazi rejiminin en korkulan fig\u00fcrlerinden biri olan SS Obergruppenf\u00fchrer Reinhard Heydrich'i ortadan kald\u0131rmak i\u00e7in tasarlanm\u0131\u015f \u00f6zel bir direni\u015f g\u00f6revi olan kahramanca Antropoid Operasyonu hakk\u0131nda bilgi edinin. Nazi rejimiyle y\u00fczle\u015fen ve sessiz kahramanlar olmak i\u00e7in aya\u011fa kalkan cesur Prag vatanda\u015flar\u0131n\u0131 dinleyin.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00d6nemli Noktalar<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n